A Dynamic Plugin-Driven Micro-frontend Shell for Configurable WebXR Experiences

Tóm tắt

This paper introduces a novel content-defined runtime micro-frontend architecture specifically designed for immersive WebXR applications. Unlike traditional micro-frontend models—typically based on route-level composition or build-time bundling—our system dynamically loads, mounts and updates UI modules (“plugins”) in real time based solely on backend-delivered content. The architecture integrates three core innovations: (1) a runtime plugin orchestrator supporting dynamic module loading and unified lifecycle management; (2) a plugin lifecycle contract enabling heterogeneous frontend modules to operate consistently; and (3) an overlay-driven micro-frontend shell offering seamless immersive interaction independent of the VR scene. We implement the architecture in a large-scale WebXR campus exploration system featuring 22 interactive locations and multiple plugin types including gallery, iframe and notification modules. Experimental evaluation demonstrates significant improvements in extensibility, reconfigurability and development agility compared to monolithic VR UI frameworks. Results confirm that the proposed architecture reduces deployment overhead, enhances modularity and enables non-technical operators to configure VR experiences without code changes. This work contributes a new perspective on micro-frontend design for immersive systems and opens pathways toward future AI-driven adaptive VR interfaces.